Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Struktur Vegetasi Herba di Taman Wisata Alam Iboih, Sabang

Muslich Hidayat; Anistia

doi:10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.8375

Authors

Muslich Hidayat Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Anistia Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22373/kenanga.v6i1.8375

Abstract

Terrestrial ecosystems, particularly tropical forests, possess the highest biodiversity and play a crucial role in global environmental balance. Herbaceous vegetation, as a key component of forest ecosystems, serves as ground cover, maintains soil moisture, supports nutrient cycling, reduces erosion, and provides habitat for small organisms. This study aims to analyze the species composition, dominance levels, and diversity of herbaceous vegetation in the Iboih Nature Tourism Park (TWA) area, Sabang. The research was conducted in May 2024 using vegetation analysis methods with parameters of density, frequency, and Importance Value Index (IVI). The results recorded 41 herbaceous plant species from various families. The species with the highest IVI was Asplenium nidus (bird’s nest fern) at 16.826, followed by Pteris ensiformis (14.083). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) value was 3.48, which is classified as high, indicating a stable, productive community that is not excessively dominated by any particular species. Environmental factors such as average soil moisture of 81%, air humidity of 78%, pH of 6.7, and temperature of 30.3°C support optimal growth of herbaceous vegetation. This study is expected to serve as a basis for the sustainable management of the Iboih Nature Tourism Park (TWA).

Keywords: Vegetation; herbs; forest, Nature Tourism Park

References

Anjani, W, L., Amelia, S., Nurhalizah, H., & Teristiandi, N. (2023). Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan di Kawasan Hutan Sekunder (KHDTK) Kemampo, Kabupaten Banyuasin. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi. 3(2):307−325 https://doi.org/10.24036/prosemnasbio/vol3/727.

Effendi, A. F., Prabawa, S. E., & Mahardianti, M. A. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Kerapatan Vegetasi Terhadap Suhu Permukaan Tanah Menggunakan Citra Satelit Landsat 8 (Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Gresik Wilayah Daratan). Jurnal Geodesi Undip, 12(4), 406-414. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgundip.2023.40876.

Eriani, N, K., Peran, B, S., & Yamani, A. (2025). Analisis Kondisi Vegetasi Hutan Mangrove Blok Pemanfaatan di Taman Wisata Alam Pulau Burung. Jurnal Sylva Science. 8(1) https://doi.org/10.20527/jss.v8i1.9636.

Hidayat, N. (2014). Komposisi dan Struktur Anakan Pohon di Daerah Tangkapan Air Bukit Kaplo Serasah, Banda Kenagarian Taram, Kecamatan Harau, Kabupaten 50 Kota. Tesis. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Andalas. Padang.

Lestari, Y. E., Pangestuning, K., & Hadi, A. (2024). Pengaruh Faktor Suhu Dan Kelembaban Terhadap Pembungaan Dan Pembuahan Tanaman Buah Naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus). AGRORADIX : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 8(1), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.52166/agroteknologi.v8i1.7415.

Madania, S, D., Putri, K, C, E., Guna, A, H., Aziz, H, S.(2025). Diversity of Ferns (Pteridophyta) in the Dieng Valley Tourism Area. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 11(5):593−603 https://doi.org/10.29303/ jppipa.v11i5.10092.

Purnaningsih, T., Kusuma Putri, R., Neneng, L., Hartanti, R. E. D. P., Rahmawati, R., Wijaya, N., Akhmadi, A., & Adam, C. (2024). Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah Di Hutan Serbaguna Universitas Palangka Raya . BIOMA: Jurnal Biologi Dan Pembelajarannya, 6(2), 19-30. https://doi.org/10.31605/bioma.v6i2.4266 .

Rawana., Wijayani, S., & Masrur, M, A. (2023). Indeks Nilai Penting dan Keanekaragaman Komunitas Vegetasi Penyusun Hutan di Alas Burno SUBKPH Lumajang. Jurnal Wana Tropika. https://doi.org/10.55180/jwt.v12i02.215.

She, Y., Li, X., Li, C., Yang, P., Song, Z., & Zhang, J. (2023). Relationship between Species Diversity and Community Stability in Degraded Alpine Meadows during Bare Patch Succession. Plants, 12(20), 3582. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12203582.

Sulfayanti, R., Dirhamzah, D., & Nurindah, N. (2023). Analisis vegetasi tumbuhan bawah di Kawasan Hutan Konservasi Topidi Kecamatan Tinggimoncong Kabupaten Gowa. Filogeni: Jurnal Mahasiswa Biologi, 3(1), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.24252/filogeni.v3i1.30813.

Suri, A, R, A., & Solfiyeni, S. (2024). Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Kenagarian Padang Mentinggi, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman. Jurnal Biologi UNAND. 12(1):13−20 https://doi.org/10.25077/jbioua.12.1.13-20.2024.

Surtriani, I., Hutasuhut, A, M., & Rahmadina.(2025). Analisis Vegetasi Tumbuhan Bawah di Kawasan Hutan Sibayak II Kabupaten Karo Sumatera Utara. BIO−CONS: Jurnal Biologi dan Konservasi, 7(1) https://doi.org/10.31537/biocons.v7i1.2258.

Tyas, K. N., & Hartini, S. (2019). Produksi Ental dan Akar Asplenium Nidus L. Pada Berbagai. Buletin Kebun Raya, 22(2), 41-46.

Vauzia, V., & Adisti, Y, H. (2025). Literature Review: Respon Morfologi Daun Tumbuhan Terhadap Faktor Lingkungan. SYMBIOTIC Journal of Biological Education and Science. 6(1): 52₋60 https://doi.org/10.32939/symbiotic.v6i1.166.

Yudhistian, Y., Nuraida, D., Sari, S., & Sholikah, F. (2025). The Diversity index and Importance Value of Herbaceous Vegetation in the Joko Tarub Forest Tuban. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.10974.